Finding the right college can be like finding the right bottle of wine

Last night I was supposed to give this talk to a local PTO, but instead I got Covid and am in isolation. I’m publishing it here for them and any other parent. And since the wine here is only metaphorical wine, anyone is welcome to enjoy.

For at least the next few minutes, go back to the beginning. Pretend you know nothing about colleges or the college admission search. For just a few minutes, feel that overwhelming feeling of knowing nothing. You probably know more than nothing; you may already know a lot. But I’ve found that even ambitious, well-informed high school students are often overwhelmed with the search, and somethimes it just helps to go back to the beginning and make sure you’re thinking it all through.

Depending on how you count, there are four to six thousand colleges and universities in the US. Even if you want to narrow it down to “the best” schools, the US News rankings (which aren’t actually an objective measurement of the best) include over 1,400 schools. There are just a lot of choices, and if you don’t know what you’re really looking for, it’s overwhelming. So as a way to think about that overwhelming range of choices, I’d like you to think about another one, something completely different.

Imagine you’re going to buy some wine at a wine shop. So there you are looking for wine, and you know little about wine. Maybe you know nothing about wine. You certainly don’t know what you like. You know some of those bottles are better suited to your taste than others, but you don’t know which ones.

Say you’re in a hurry. You need to pick up one or two bottles of wine for tonight. You’ve been invited to a dinner party and asked to bring wine. But you don’t know anything about wine. A good wine shop will have hundreds of different wines to choose from. How do you choose? 

Expert advice. You can ask for advice from a store employee and hope it’s good advice. But it’s difficult for them to give you good advice if you can’t tell them anything about what you like. The most you can hope for is that they’ll tell you what some of their more popular wines are, or maybe some wines that are good places for beginners. But they have no real way of helping you find something you’ll like in a hurry. 

Ratings and rankings. There are magazines and websites devoted to giving scores and ratings for wine. Many wine shops will highlight the highly rated wines in their store. If you go with something that was rated highly by the Wine Advocate, then you know you’re getting a wine that somebody likes, though you may end up not liking it. You may have completely different taste than the reviewers.

Pictures. Like a lot of people, you can choose a bottle based on how much you like the label. Wine producers pay a lot of attention to their labels and make them as appealing as possible. You can’t judge a wine by its label any more than you can judge a book by its cover, but both will tell you a little it about what’s inside. But not much. To choose based on the label is essentially to rely on advertising and design, not the wine itself. 

Experience. You can go with what you know, however limited that is, by grabbing a bottle that looks familiar. Maybe you see a bottle that you recognize from a restaurant wine list or a friend’s house, and you go with that. Maybe you had a glass of it once and thought it was ok, so you go with that.  

Proximity. Why go looking through all the bins if you don’t know anything about them? Instead, just pick one that’s featured up front and get out of there.

Any of these methods for choosing a wine may work out. Most people in this situation will use a combination of several. But even choosing a wine with a good score…that the store employee recommends…with a great label…can still end up being something you hate. You’re kind of relying on luck that the bottle you pick, however you pick it, will be one that you enjoy. You haven’t got time to figure it out.

A lot of high school seniors pick a college the same way. For a variety of reasons, they haven’t given college a lot of thought or attention before 12th grade. They haven’t thought about what they want or need, just what’s “good.” And then they only have a few months to go through the application process. Seniors who want to pick colleges to apply to when they haven’t done a lot of research use the same methods as someone buying wine in a hurry without much research. 

Advice. There are plenty of people out there willing to give college advice (including me). But the less they know about you, what you want, and what you need, the less useful that advice can be. 

Ratings and rankings. There’s US News and World Report. And Niche. And Forbes. Or you can Google “Best college for ____” and see what you get. I’m not as anti-ranking as many other college admission advisors, but I know that their use is pretty limited. The ranking site’s criteria are not your criteria.

Pictures. Colleges will send you so many pictures: smiling students wearing backpacks walking across campus; crowds at sporting events; extremely small classes held outside. The schools send these pictures because they know they work—many students make very large, expensive, emotional decisions based in some part on the images that marketers send out.

What they’ve heard of. The reason I hear the most often for a student being interested in a particular college is because “I heard it’s a good school.” They can rarely tell me where they heard it.

Proximity. You can narrow down your choices to ones that are nearby. There’s nothing wrong with that, and there are a number of great universities here in town. But it’s a limitation you would only want to impose for reasons beyond limiting the number of colleges you have to think about.

Like with wine, these methods may work. Or they may not. It takes some luck. But there’s another way.

If you’re not necessarily in a hurry to get wine for immediate use, you have time to learn what you like and what works for you. You’ve got time to find the wines that are good for you, not good for the store employee, the wine magazines, or the label designers. To do this takes time and experimentation. If you’re just beginning, try the mixed case method recommended by wine critic Eric Asimov.

“The best way to start out, once you identify a good shop, is to ask for a mixed case of wine. Tell the merchant your budget and parameters, say, half white, half red, with two sparkling wines, or a few rosés. Or, if a case is too much of an investment, just get a bottle or two at a time. As you drink the wines, note which ones you like and which ones you do not. Keep in mind that you can learn something from every bottle as you begin to identify your personal taste.

When you finish, go back to the merchant with your notes, and ask for another mixed case with selections based on your reactions to the first set. Your learning journey has begun.” 

With time, you can use this method to experiment and refine. You can figure out what works for you, which may not be what you would have predicted before you began paying attention. You can get advice, but the advice based on your preferences and, more important, your actual experience. The mixed-case approach takes time and upfront investment, but it’s going to get you to a point where you know what you want and where to find it. It’s going to get you to a point where when you walk into a wine store you know what to do and how to get good results.

If you’re a high school student now, in the 9th-11th grade, you have time for a similar approach to college. Begin with a (metaphorical) mixed case. Look at some large public universities, some mid-sized research schools, some smaller liberal arts college. Check out some of the more unique and “quirky” colleges that are out there. Pay attention and take notes as you learn about schools that you may not have heard of. Then use that information to find more of what you’re looking for.

This is essentially what I do with the students I work with. After a few casual meetings getting to know them, I recommend a bunch of colleges to check out. It’s a mixed case, but larger—usually 30-50 colleges to begin with. I ask them to take some time—from several weeks to several months to almost a year, depending on their grade—to get to know those schools and to take notes on what they find appealing about them. Then from there we add and subtract more schools based on their research until we get it down to around 12 schools for applications in the fall of their senior year. The list we make is balanced, and it’s tailored to them.

Even before we get to that point, though, we’ll do a “blind tasting.” I will give them a chart with descriptions and lots of stats for four to six colleges, but I don’t tell them the names of the colleges. That way the students can’t be swayed by the reputations of the colleges and need to look at them more objectively. We walk through the charts for each school, and I pay close attention to what kinds of things really stand out to them. Some really pay attention to student-faculty ratio, and others don’t care about that. Some are more interested in student diversity than others. Some want to know that their chosen major is a popular one, and some look for schools with a wide mix of popular majors. This exercise helps me get a sense of what they like and what’s important to them before I begin recommending anything.

Here’s a generic mixed case to begin with. 12 schools total: three big public universities, three private research schools, three small liberal arts colleges, and three quirky schools. For any of these categories, I could easily choose 30 more. But these will work. Spend some time figuring out which ones you like, and why. It’s not important right now if you think you might apply to any of them. The point is to get a sense of what you’re looking for, and why. Use Niche, Big Future, Fiske, and the college websites. Then, start searching for colleges with similar traits that you’re looking for. Also, your research can help you find similar colleges. The Fiske guide lists overlapping schools for any in the guide, and Niche also lists similar colleges.

Colorado State University. Fort Collins, CO

University of Alabama. Tuscaloosa, AL

University of Wisconsin-Madison. Madison, WI

Case Western Reserve University. Cleveland, OH

Duke University. Durham, NC

Rice University. Houston, TX

Occidental College. Los Angeles, CA

Champlain College. Burlington, VT

Knox College. Galesburg, IL

Cooper Union. New York, NY

Colorado College. Colorado Springs, CO

Warren Wilson College. Asheville, NC

Let me give a warning about choosing a college based on your intended major. If you don’t know, don’t make it up. Around a third of college students change their major at least once, so don’t feel too sure of your major unless you’re really, strongly sure. If you’ve got no idea what you might major in, there are schools that are really good for that.

This is just a metaphor, and there are limits to how closely finding the wine you like is similar to finding a good-fit college. You’re not choosing one wine to be THE ONE. You can spend months and years trying many wines and finding a whole range of things you like. Most people, however, will only graduate from one college. That’s why early research is so important.

Also, at a wine shop, the price on the tag is generally the price you will pay. Not so for colleges. You don’t know what you can afford until you apply and are accepted. So while “affordable” has to be one of the final deciding factors, it doesn’t necessarily have to be in your early searches.

Thanks for reading! If you enjoyed this post, here are three easy things you can do:

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2. Read these related posts:

   Three things parents should stop saying to their children

   Two documents all students should understand

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Photo by Angela Elisabeth.

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Lots of college admission news!

This time of year can be pretty boring for college admission news. While admission offices work through their piles of applications, there’s usually not much to report until they start sending decisions and stats. But this month has brought three major pieces of news. Below is a quick summary of each, with links to learn more, and my ideas about how likely the news is to affect you, a current high school student.

16 colleges are being sued over their financial aid practices.

What’s the story? Colleges aren’t supposed share notes with each other on their financial aid decisions. Each school has to come up with their own offers—and their own way of deciding how much to offer—so that students can compare offers and go to the school with the most financial aid if they choose. There has to be competition, and that’s the law. However, there’s a group with an exemption to the law. They get together and come up with a single shared “methodology” for determining financial aid awards. They’re able to do this because they don’t discuss who gets accepted, and because they’re all need blind, meaning your ability to pay isn’t part of their decision to accept you. That, says the law, is competitive enough. But the lawsuit, brought by five people, says that nine of the colleges aren’t exactly need blind. Because the admission offices may track which applicants are from families that are big donors—or have the potential to be big donors—then the ability to pay is in fact a consideration…and one that only works in the favor of wealthy applicants. They’re essentially competing for rich students and then conspiring with each other about how much to offer the not-rich students. So, say the people suing the schools, they’re not actually need blind and therefore shouldn’t be allowed to share information. What about the other seven schools? The lawsuit claims that since most of the schools in the group are tainted by the double-standard, the whole group is, because they all share their data to come up with a shared “methodology.”

Will this affect you? Probably not. Lawsuits like this take a long time to work their way through the courts. It’s likely that you will be through college, or at least already in college, before this litigation has any impact. But technically, if the group decides to disband soon, and if you apply to any of the 16 colleges and are accepted, then it could affect your financial aid offer. Technically. But nobody knows what that effect might be.

Want to read more?

Lawsuit says 16 elite colleges are part of price-fixing cartel. (New York Times)

Class action suit filed against to private colleges. (Inside Higher Ed)

Affirmative Action case is going to the Supreme Court.

What’s the story? Colleges and universities are legally allowed to consider race as a factor for admission. There are some guidelines, though: race can be used in order to increase the educational goal of diversity; it can’t be used to make schools intentionally less diverse. There can’t be quotas; a school can’t decide beforehand that, for example, 25% of their students will be Black. Race can only be used as part of a holistic approach; it can't be the only, or first, criteria. Affirmative Action has been upheld by the Supreme Court—including those guideline—as recently as 2016. But now the Supreme Court will hear two previously separate cases combined into a single one. Both Harvard and UNC won their initial Affirmative Action cases when they were sued by an anti-affirmative-action group. Harvard also won their case in the next level of appeal. But the Supreme Court is willing to hear both the cases, and the basic assumption is that they wouldn’t want to take the cases unless they were willing to change something about the laws.

Will this affect you? Possibly. The case won’t be heard until this October at the earliest, and nobody’s expecting a ruling until summer of 2023. But if there’s a major change to what’s considered legal, then universities may make some fairly large changes pretty quickly after that. But what kinds of changes those may be depends on the outcome of the case, which won’t happen for a while. So it’s possible there will be some major new rules around race and admission by the time younger high school students apply to college, but it’s far from guaranteed.

Want to read more?

Supreme Court will hear challenge to Affirmative Action at Harvard and U.N.C. (New York Times)

Supreme Court takes affirmative action case. (Inside Higher Ed)

The SAT is making some major changes.

What’s the story? Beginning in 2023 outside the US and 2024 in the US, the SAT will only be given online. It will be administered in test centers; students will not be taking it at home. Not only is the test going digital, but the format will change. There will be shorter reading passages with fewer questions. Calculators will be allowed for all math portions. Instead of every student answering all of the same questions, the computer program will use different questions to “figure out” what level you’re at in less time with fewer questions. The new test will take around two hours instead of three, and 80% of the students who took the pilot test said it was less stressful than the old pencil-and-paper test.

Will this affect you? If you’re in the 9th grade now, then absolutely it will. You may end up taking the new SAT, you make take the ACT, you may take both, you may take neither. But if you already hear strategizing and scheming at your school around standardized tests (Should I take the test? Which one? How many times? What do my scores mean? Should I report them to test-optional schools?), then those conversations are going to be amplified in the coming years as people try to figure out what to make of the new SAT. I hope you won’t get stressed about the SAT. But if you were already inclined to get stressed about the SAT, this is going to make it worse. At least until you take the test, which they say will be be less stressful. Maybe. Be prepared.

Want to read more?

Put down your No. 2 pencils. Forever. (New York Times)

The new SAT. (Inside Higher Ed)

Thanks for reading! If you enjoyed this post, here are three easy things you can do:

1. Share it on your social media feeds so your friends and colleagues can see it too.

2. Check out these related Apply with Sanity posts:

   The Glossary: need blind

   What’s important about the Harvard trial

   What’s wrong with Affirmative Action?

   Should you bother to take the SAT or ACT?

3. Ask a question in the comments section.

Apply with Sanity doesn’t have ads or annoying pop-ups. It doesn’t share user data, sell user data, or even track personal data. It doesn’t do anything to “monetize” you. You’re nothing but a reader to me, and that means everything to me.

Photo by Angela Elisabeth.

Apply with Sanity is a registered trademark of Apply with Sanity, LLC. All rights reserved.